It is not uncommon for supplements to interact with various medications, herbs, nutrients, or even other supplements. Rev Diabet Stud. Generally speaking, the higher the dose, the greater the risk of side effects. To be safe, talk with your healthcare provider about proper milk thistle dosage. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. US residents can call their local poison control center at 1-800-222-1222. Eur Endocrinol. Calm an upset stomach. Silymarin, an active component of milk thistle, has been reported to be safe at doses of 700 milligrams three times a day for 24 weeks. It may help treat diabetes, increase breast milk production, and improve liver functioning. It is also unknown whether milk thistle is safe for children. It is native to Mediterranean countries. Milk thistle is native to Europe and was introduced into North America by early colonists. This product is not recommended for use during pregnancy. Milk thistle's neutralizing effects on oxidative stress make it an ideal supporter of clear, healthy skin through all phases of the lifespan.*. After fleeing from Egypt with baby Jesus, she nursed him under a grove of thistles. Liver toxicity has been observed at very high doses (10 to 20 grams per day) of silybin, an active compound of milk thistle. A double-blind controlled study. Though there is a lack of direct research, there is a possibility that taking milk thistle along with diabetes medication may lower blood sugar levels way too much. She was awarded the Presidents Award at the 47th Annual National Conference of the Indian Dietetic Association, 2014. Follow all directions on the product package. This stout thistle usually grows in dry, sunny areas. However, many of these potential benefits are not backed by science. The medical community needs more evidence to prove that milk thistle benefits human livers in the same way. Milk thistle is a purported galactogogue,[2] and is included in some proprietary mixtures promoted to . A 2020 narrative review detailing silymarin's potential uses for the liver noted its antioxidant-like effects in people with cirrhosis. Effect of continuous silymarin administration on oral talinolol pharmacokinetics in healthy volunteers. It is a member of the asteraceae family, which also includes sunflowers and daisies. Dosage: How Much Milk Thistle Should I Take? For guidance from NCCIH on using PubMed, see How To Find Information About Complementary Health Approaches on PubMed. Milk thistle purportedly has hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. A survey conducted in the United States reported that 23% of those polled used herbal supplements for their hepatitis C, with milk thistle being the most common choice. Effects and tolerance of silymarin (milk thistle) in chronic hepatitis C virus infection patients: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Milk thistle for alcoholic and/or hepatitis B or C liver diseases--a systematic Cochrane hepato-biliary group review with meta-analyses of randomized clinical trials. All rights reserved. 2020;34(6):1446-1454. doi:10.1002/ptr.6620. The review went on to say that silymarin may be linked to lower rates of mortality in patients with cirrhosis and liver disease. The active ingredient in milk thistle, silymarin, acts as an antioxidant by reducing free radical production. Milk thistle (silymarin) is a flowering herb related to the daisy and ragweed family. The study looked specifically at bone loss caused by a deficiency in estrogen among rats that had their ovaries removed. In animal studies, the antioxidant and radical-scavenging properties of silibinin in milk thistle were found to reduce tumors (16). It is now found throughout the world. It also looks at how to use milk thistle and whether there are any risks to consider. We avoid using tertiary references. These reactions may occur if you have an allergy to milk thistle. Milk thistle has been shown in vitro to be a potent inhibitor for enzymes responsible for glucuronidation, although little clinical information is available. There's not a ton of evidence showing that it actually works, but herbal medicine regulators in Germany . The leaves are wide with white blotches or veins. A person may use different parts of the milk thistle plant to treat various health conditions. Results from clinical trials of milk thistle for liver diseases have been conflicting or havent been clinically meaningful. What Is Complementary, Alternative, or Integrative Health? Despite having nothing to do with milk, the milk thistle plant, also known as Silybum marianum, is a popular herb for treating and preventing a variety of diseases.. Moderately clinically significant. 2019;33(6):1627-1638. doi:10.1002/ptr.6361. However, the extracts in milk thistle could act like estrogen. Consult your healthcare provider if this applies to you. This document does not contain all possible interactions. 2014;11(2):167-74. doi:10.1900/RDS.2014.11.167. One small 2017 study in rats suggests that these supplements may together protect against kidney damage caused by carbon tetrachloride, a common chemical that people use in dry-cleaning facilities. Herbal product use by persons enrolled in the hepatitis C Antiviral Long-Term Treatment Against Cirrhosis (HALT-C) Trial. Mothers who used milk thistle to boost their milk production reported unwanted weight gain along with irritability and nausea (16). Milk thistle: early seeds of potential, The Lancet Oncology, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. However, there is a lack of . 2018;9:1903. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01903. de Avelar CR, Pereira EM, de Farias Costa PR, et al. Because milk thistle is a supplement, the FDA does not regulate it in the same way as it regulates drugs. Achufusi TGO, Patel RK. However, even if supplements are third-party tested, that doesnt mean they are necessarily safe for all or effective in general. Sebagai suplemen makanan, minum 1-2 kapsul setiap hari sebaiknya dengan makanan atau seperti . StyleCraze provides content of general nature that is designed for informational purposes only. Nouri-Vaskeh M, Malek Mahdavi A, Afshan H, Alizadeh L, Zarei M. Effect of curcumin supplementation on disease severity in patients with liver cirrhosis: a randomized controlled trial. The therapeutic potential of milk thistle in diabetes, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. Effects of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. Always speak with a healthcare provider before taking a supplement to ensure that the supplement and dosage are appropriate for your individual needs. Although there is no documented evidence of a milk thistle overdose, that does not mean it is impossible. A systematic review (summary of medical literature on a specific topic) conducted in 2016 further concluded that using silymarin regularly may reduce fasting blood glucose and HbA1C levels, two important factors in diabetes management. In some studies, silibinin, an active component of milk thistle, has been shown to have estrogen-like effects. This product may contain inactive ingredients, which can cause allergic reactions or other problems. Milk thistle is promoted as a dietary supplement for hepatitis, cirrhosis, jaundice, diabetes, indigestion, and other conditions. Silymarin is an active compound found in milk thistle seeds. A study from 2012 confirmed that milk thistle might not have true beneficial effects on hepatitis C. In the study, patients who took silymarin, an active component of milk thistle, daily for 24 weeks had no significant improvements in liver enzymes or other measures compared to those who took the placebo. Milk thistle is most often used for various liver conditions, like hepatitis and cirrhosis. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission Heres our process. So, consult a doctor to understand about its long term usage. Phytomedicine. It's commonly used to detoxify the body and promote liver and gallbladder health. Therefore, it is important to talk to your healthcare provider about any supplements you plan to take and to check in about any potential interactions with other supplements or medications. 2005;100(11):2583-91. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.00262.x. In this way, milk thistle may help improve cognition and treat degenerative conditions that affect the mind. Does milk thistle cause any side effects? Milk thistle may lower blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Res. What Are the Side Effects of Milk Thistle? The following two tabs change content below. Effect of silymarin on biochemical indicators in patients with liver disease: systematic review with meta-analysis. Am J Gastroenterol. In a pharmacokinetic study, 9 healthy subjects were given 4 probe drugscaffeine, tolbutamide, dextromethorphan, and midazolam— to test for the effect of milk thistle on CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4.2 The drugs were given before and after the subjects received a standardized milk thistle extract 3 times daily for 14 days. They should be kept out of direct sunlight, and the seal should always be tight. Spiny stems branch at the top and reach heights of 5 to 10 feet. Telecommunications relay service (TRS): 7-1-1, Email: info@nccih.nih.gov (link sends email). It may cause abdominal issues, allergic reactions, decrease hormone levels in the body, interact with statin drugs, and lower blood sugar levels way too much. This material is provided for educational purposes only and is not intended for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Duplication is encouraged. Talk with your healthcare provider before starting milk thistle to make sure it is the right supplement for you. Check out our. Milk Thistle, PDQ Cancer Information Summaries, US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health. You may report side effects to Health Canada at 1-866-234-2345. Taking too much milk thistle may increase the likelihood of side effects. (silymarin) extract supplementation on antioxidant status and hs-CRP in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. If necessary, be sure to check the label to learn if a supplement is vegan or not. People with diabetes should use caution. To establish that the product manufacturers addressed safety and efficacy standards, we: We do the research so you can find trusted products for your health and wellness. 2011;17(18):2288-2301. doi:10.3748/wjg.v17.i18.2288. Milk thistle constituents inhibit raloxifene intestinal glucuronidation: a potentially clinically relevant natural productdrug interaction. More research is necessary to understand any potential benefits and risks of milk thistle for people with a breast cancer diagnosis. The following conditions are contraindicated with this drug. Milk thistle is now found throughout the eastern United States, California, South America, Africa, Australia, and Asia. Milk thistle is native to the Mediterranean region. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. Yang Z, Zhuang L, Lu Y, Xu Q, Chen X. However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any of the following symptoms of a serious allergic reaction: rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing. Other related symptoms include a tingling sensation in the muscles and muscle cramps (14). 3 are moderate, and 1 is minor. The Natural agonist of estrogen receptor silibinin plays an immunosuppressive role representing a potential therapeutic tool in rheumatoid arthritis. Possibly. Its resources include publications (such as Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know) and fact sheets on a variety of specific supplement ingredients and products (such as vitamin D and multivitamin/mineral supplements). World J Gastroenterol. Small Business Research Grant Program (SBIR), About Research Training and Career Development, Training Grant Application, Review, and Award Process, Integrative Medicine Research Lecture Series, Division of Extramural Research Sponsored by NCCIH, Division of Intramural Research Conducted at NCCIH, Know the Science: How Medications and Supplements Can Interact, Know the Science: 9 Questions To Help You Make Sense of Health Research, How To Find Information About Complementary Health Approaches on PubMed, Dietary Supplements: What You Need To Know. Hepatology. Otherwise, call a poison control center right away. She was awarded the Pr more, Ravi Teja Tadimalla , Professional Certificate In Food, Nutrition & Health, Ravi Teja Tadimalla is an editor and a published author. People commonly take milk thistle by mouth for diabetes. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. There are 4 drugs known to interact with Rarely, taking milk thistle may cause: There is not much information about the interaction of milk thistle with other drugs, including anticancer medications and radiation therapy. 10 Remedies For Dull Skin, Signs, Causes, And Prevention, 30 Effective Home Remedies To Get Wrinkle-Free Skin, Skin Elasticity: What Is It And 10 Ways To Improve It, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11896/, https://nccih.nih.gov/health/milkthistle/ataglance.htm, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK541075/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4538855/, https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fonc.2019.01356/full, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4164972/, https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1534735407301942, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4116427/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25396404, https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/silybum-marianum, https://www.karger.com/Article/Fulltext/334488, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK65780/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3586829/, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30000830/, 6 Health Benefits Of Wheat Germ & How To Include In Your Diet, Honey And Cinnamon: Health Benefits And Nutritional Value, 33 Wonderful Benefits Of Banana For Skin, Hair, And Health, Top 4 Health Benefits Of White Beans You Must Know, Sourdough Bread Benefits, Nutrition Profile, & Side Effects, 10 Research Backed Health Benefits Of Grape Juice + Nutritional Value, 7 Benefits Of Dry Dates For Health & Their Nutritional Value. 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